Buddhakṣetra

buddhakṣetra (T. sangs rgyas zhing སངས་རྒྱས་ཞིང་; C. focha 佛刹), or "buddha field," is the realm or domain of a specific buddha. Notable buddha fields include Sukhavati, the realm of Amitabha, and Abhirati, the realm of Akṣobhya.

According to the Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism, a buddha field has two aspects:

• the container (bhājanaloka)
• the sentient beings (sattvaloka)

Buddha fields are created as a result of the following activity of the bodhisattva/buddha:

• accumulation of merit (puṇya-saṃbhāra)
• accumulation of wisdom (jñāna-saṃbhāra)
• the vow taken by the bodhisattva when they embark upon the path to buddhahood

From these three activities, the "container" or inanimate part of the buddha field is created. The sentient beings (sattva) in the buddha field consist of the beings who are reborn in that field as a result of the past merit and aspiration prayers.

Two types of buddha fields are identified, based on their level of purity:

• impure buddha fields: these are synonymous with cakravāda, worlds systems
• pure buddha fields: also called pure lands (a translation of the Chinese term jingtu); these are created by a buddha upon his enlightenment, and typically do not include the "lower realms" of animals, hungry ghosts and hell beings.