Lower realms
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Lower realms refers to the unfortunate rebirth destinies (durgati) within Buddhist cosmology.
Buddhist cosmology typically speaks of six rebirth destinies, of which:
- two or three are considered fortunate rebirth destinies, a.k.a "higher realms" and
- three or four are considered unfortunate rebirth destinies, a.k.a "lower realms."
The "higher realms" (fortunate rebirth destinies) are:
The "lower realms" are:
- pretas
- animals
- hell beings
- and sometimes asuras are included in this category